First let’s understand the difference between the Last Supper and the Passover. The KJV frequently translates the Sabbath of Unleavened Bread to “Passover” causing great confusion Other places they refer to the Last Supper as Unleavened Bread. Let’s look at terms. One needs an understanding of the flow of events and terminology so you know what day and time it actually is.
TERMS
The new year begins – When the Barley is expected to be Abiv for the First Fruits Offering on Sunday during Unleavened Bread and the New Moon has been sighted from Jerusalem. Only an Omer needs to be ready at this time. The harvest begins after the offering as fields are ready to harvest. The harvest does not begin until this offering is done for Yehovah.
De-Leaven our homes – Remove all yeast and yeast products such as breads, crackers, cake, and donuts. Remove Baking Soda and Baking Powder and all products made with these items. That is pretty much it. Many of the laws from the Jewish online sites are based on Talmudic declarations of the Rabbi’s. They go far beyond the meaning of leaven. This is to be accomplished before sunset on the 14th day. Before the Passover meal is ate. In other words, BEFORE the Sabbath of Unleavened Bread begins, which is the eating of the Passover meal the evening of the 14th day, the beginning of the 15th day. You DO eat leavened / raised bread at the Last Supper.
The de-leavening of our homes and of ourselves coincides with examining ourselves and finding out that we are guilty of sin and need this Passover sacrifice.
Review this passage…
1 Corinthians 11:23 For I received from the Master that which I also delivered to you: that the Master Yehshua in the night in which He was delivered up took bread, 24 and having given thanks, He broke it and said, “Take, eat, this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” 25 In the same way also the cup, after supper, saying, “This cup is the renewed covenant in My blood. As often as you drink it, do this in remembrance of Me.” 26 For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the death of the Master until He comes. 27 So that whoever should eat this bread or drink this cup of the Master unworthily shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Master. 28 But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread and drink of that cup.
This is NOT a day to invite others to eat the Passover meal with you unless they have repented and returned to the Torah. Do NOT invite your Christian friends or family unless they are ready to come into covenant of obedience in Yeshua. Faith PLUS Works of Torah, which is obedience. Males are to be circumcised.
Passover Seder – This is a tradition the Jews follow. They developed the Seder as a means to remember the Sinai exodus. This makes sense, but remember, they also do not recognize Yeshua as their Messiah. You do not have to buy a Seder plate with all the elements they use, but you can if you want to. You do not see Yeshua or the disciples drinking four cups of wine. Only one. Nor do they set a place for Elijah.
14th day – The Passover Lambs are killed. This began at the 9am offering (known as the 3rd hour) and concluded by the 3pm offering (known as the 9th hour). 9am and 3 pm are times for daily offerings so Passover corresponds to these times and extends to encompass the full period in between due to the number of lambs to be killed. The people would then roast their lamb to have it done and ready to eat by sunset. It refers to the time between the two sunsets. It is ‘between” sunsets or “between the evenings”.
Erev 15. Beginning of the 15th day. Begins at sunset at end of 14th day. Sunset has arrived. This is when the Passover meal is ate. The Lamb that was killed a few hours earlier and roasted.
Yeshua was that Lamb hung on the tree at 9 am and died at 3 pm. He is now in the tomb. This is the Covenant meal instituted at the Exodus. They ate it with their shoes and clothes on ready to flee at the moment Yah told Moses to go.
This is ALSO the beginning of the Sabbath of Unleavened Bread.
Passover is NOT a Sabbath. It is the day the lambs were killed and prepared for the covenant meal, ate at or just after sunset, the Sabbath of Unleavened Bread.
Thus begins the 7 days of the feast of Unleavened Bread.
Many times, this entire time period is referred to as “Passover” or even “Unleavened Bread”, but technically that is incorrect.
The 15th day (1st day of the Feast) and the 21st day (7th day of the feast) are Sabbaths.
This is the ONLY feast to have TWO Sabbaths.
I know you are thinking of Sukkot, but that is incorrect. That is another teaching.
LAST SUPPER The obvious thing we notice is Yeshua is WITH the disciples at this last meal. He can’t be with them at this meal AND hanging on the tree at the same time. So this can NOT be the 14th day of Passover. It is the evening of the 13th. We’ll review the events as we proceed.
Yeshua has just finished teaching his disciples the Truth of the Torah and the deception of the rules of man (Talmud) that have been incorporated into their laws. The Talmud being the Oral Law and taking precedence OVER the written law of Moses (Torah). Yeshua has brought them fullness of understanding of the Torah and revealed to them that HE is Yehovah in the flesh. The Father in the flesh. This is also explained in John 1, but that too is another lesson for another time. Please refer to our 3-part lesson on “Who is Yehovah?” located on this blog.
It is tradition that when a Rabbi finishes teaching his disciples, they celebrate with a festive meal to honor their “graduation”. This is what the disciples thought was taking place this night of the “Last Supper”. There was also a tradition in the Galilee, but not Judea of having a huge meal on the night of the 13th prior to a fast on the 14th leading up to that nights Passover meal, the beginning of the 15th. The fast looked forward in time to the First Born Messiah arriving! This goes back to Scripture about the first born of man and animals being consecrated to YHVH and the first born of Yisra’el being delivered from the death angel at the Exodus. And prophecy speaks of the Messiah being called the First Born and people at the resurrection being called First Born children of Elohim. So actually, since many of the disciples were from the Galilee, they were expecting this Last Supper to be both the celebratory meal for completing their studies AND the meal preceding the fast of the First Born.
Let’s step through the order of events for Passover and the Sabbath. This is just an example for those new to this.
The 13th day – The Last Supper
This initial passage of Scripture is just a review of what is happening this day at THAT time. This is early, the 13th day and they are asking about the celebratory meal / Fast of the First Born.
Mat 26:18 And He said, “Go into the city to a certain man, and say to him, ‘The Teacher says, “My time is near. I am to perform the Pesacḥ at your house with My taught ones.” ’ ”
Mat 26:19 And the taught ones did as יהושע had ordered them, and prepared the Pesaḥ.
Mat 26:20 And when evening came, He sat down with the twelve.
Mat 26:21 And while they were eating, He said, “Truly, I say to you, one of you shall deliver Me up.”
Mat 26:22 And they were deeply grieved, and began to say to Him, each of them, “Master, is it I?”
Mat 26:23 And He answering, said, “He who has dipped his hand with Me in the dish, he shall deliver Me up.
Mat 26:24 “Indeed, the Son of Aḏam goes as it has been written concerning Him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Aḏam is delivered up! It would have been good for that man if he had not been born.”
Mat 26:25 And Yehuḏah – he who delivered Him up – answering, said, “Rabbi, is it I?” He said to him, “You have said it.”
Evening of the 13th day
AT THIS TIME, you will eat your meal.
NOTICE, they are eating their meal. This is a regular meal. Raised bread and wine were part of every meal back then. This is RAISED bread….NOT unleavened bread! And no lamb. So YOU, should have a regular meal consisting of a glass of wine and raised bread, and whatever else you would normally eat. It can be a festive meal and not just your day to day habits; just don’t have Lamb. You should also have some bitter herbs, (Cilantro, Parsley, etc.) You are remembering not just Yeshua, but the first Exodus and looking towards the future Exodus.
It is AFTER their hunger is satisfied that Yeshua begins to teach them. If you prefer to leave the bread and wine until later, do so. I see no commandment that says to avoid it at this point of eating your meal. They have been eating for a while and bread and wine would be a natural part of their meal. Just leave some bread and wine till later. Whichever you feel led to do. Keep in mind, Yeshua is letting them enjoy their meal. Then after they are satisfied and finished talking with each other, he then begins to teach them a fuller meaning of the bread and wine.
Finish eating your meal. Leave some bread and wine.
We now switch over to John to read about the washing of feet at this time of the Last Supper. I’m not sure why Matthew doesn’t mention this.
Memorial of the foot washing
John 13:1 And before the Festival of the Passover, Yehshua knowing that His hour had come that He should move out of this world unto the Father, having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the end. 2 And supper taking place, the devil having already put it into the heart of Yehudah from Qerioth, son of Shimon, to deliver Him up, 3 Yehshua, knowing that the Father had given all into His hands, and that He had come from Elohim and was going to Elohim, 4 rose from supper and laid aside His garments, and having taken a towel, He girded Himself. 5 After that He put water into a basin and began to wash the feet of the taught ones, and to wipe them with the towel with which He was girded. 6 And so He came to Shimon Kepha, and he said to Him, “Master, do You wash my feet?” 7 Yehshua answered and said to him, “You do not know what I am doing now, but you shall know after this.” 8 Kepha said to Him, “By no means shall You wash my feet, ever!” Yehshua answered him, “If I do not wash you, you have no part with Me.” 9 Shimon Kepha said to Him, “Master, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head!” 10 Yehshua said to him, “He who has had a bath does not need to wash, except his feet, but is clean altogether. And you are clean, but not all of you.” 11 For He knew who would deliver Him up, so He said, “You are not all clean.” 12 So when He had washed their feet and taken His garments, and sat down again, He said to them, “Do you know what I have done to you? 13 “You call me Teacher and Master, and you say well, for I am. 14 “Then if I, Master and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet. 15 “For I gave you an example, that you should do as I have done to you. 16 “Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master, nor is an emissary greater than he who sent him. 17 “If you know these teachings, blessed are you if you do them.
After reading this part of John we then go and wash each other’s feet; Men doing the men’s feet and women doing the women’s feet. If you’re with your own family, you can do each other’s. In your own family this will help to teach the children to serve each other in love and not to always think of themselves. This is a very humbling thing to do, especially as a father to allow your son to do your feet or you do his. It can be emotional as you submit in humility. If you are alone, wash your own feet again in reverence and humility.
CONTINUE with Last Supper
Yeshua begins to talk about the meaning of tomorrows events. Actually ever since Adam or so, they have ate bread and wine. They have also ate bread and wine at the beginning of every Sabbath. Why? Yeshua is about to explain the reasoning behind the bread and the wine. It points to HIM, their Messiah.)
Mat 26:26 And as they were eating, יהושע took bread, and having blessed, broke and gave it to the taught ones and said, “Take, eat, this is My body.”
Take your raised, leavened bread and break it. Eat it. Remembering this is His body that will be hung on the tree tomorrow. The arrest, torture, mockery that is soon to come. He did this to take our sin upon Him so we could live. The law of sin and death that Paul spoke of is this. Many sins required the death penalty. He took this penalty upon Himself. Remember, Yeshua is speaking beforehand of what your leavened bread at tomorrow’s meal means and what the wine means.
After eating the bread, continue reading more about what this bread represents.
Heb 10:10 By that desire we have been set apart through the offering of the body of Yehshua Messiah once for all. 11 And indeed every priest stands day by day doing service, and repeatedly offering the same slaughter offerings which are never able to take away sins. 12 But He, having offered one slaughter offering for sins for all time, sat down at the right hand of Elohim,
Again, what is sin?
1 John 3:4 Everyone doing sin also does lawlessness, and sin is lawlessness.
1 Peter 2:24 who Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we, having died to sins, might live unto righteousness1 – by whose stripes you were healed.
John 6:48 “I am the bread of life. 49 “Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness and they died. 50 “This is the bread which comes down out of the heaven, so that anyone might eat of it, and not die. 51 “I am the living bread which came down out of the heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he shall live forever. And indeed, the bread that I shall give is My flesh, which I shall give for the life of the world.”
1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not a sharing in the blood of Messiah? The bread that we break, is it not a sharing in the body of Messiah?
Now let me ask you when is the lamb ever beaten as Yehshua was? The answer is it never is. So, what is beaten? It is the barley which is beaten to give up the grain which is then roasted as a grain offering on the wave sheaf day which is the day after the weekly Sabbath during the days of Unleavened bread, or in other words the first day of the week.
This same grain is made into bread which is what Yehshua represents; The Bread of life.
Yehshua said the bread represented His body, which He voluntarily gave to be beaten and to die as part of His complete sacrifice for us. He suffered that He might take our infirmities and bear our sicknesses (Mat 8:16 And when evening had come, they brought to Him many who were demon-possessed. And He cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all who were sick, 17 that it might be filled what was spoken by Yeshayahu the prophet, saying, “He Himself took our weaknesses and bore our sicknesses.”) as our Healer. Bread is also associated with life, and Yehshua is the Bread that makes eternal life possible as we allow Him to live in us (Gal 2:20 “I have been impaled with Messiah, and I no longer live, but Messiah lives in me.1 And that which I now live in the flesh I live by belief in the Son of Elohim, who loved me and gave Himself for me. Footnote: 1Rom. 8:10, 2 Cor. 6:16, 2 Cor. 13:5, Eph. 3:17, Col. 1:27, 1 John 4:4.). And the fact that His followers all partake of this symbol of Him highlights the unity He wants us to have.
Isaiah 53:2 For He grew up before Him as a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground. He has no form or splendour that we should look upon Him, nor appearance that we should desire Him – 3 despised and rejected by men, a man of pains and knowing sickness. And as one from whom the face is hidden, being despised, and we did not consider Him. 4 Truly, He has borne our sicknesses and carried our pains. Yet we reckoned Him stricken, smitten by Elohim, and afflicted. 5 But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our crookednesses. The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed. 6 We all, like sheep, went astray, each one of us has turned to his own way. And Yehovah has laid on Him the crookedness of us all. 7 He was oppressed and He was afflicted, but He did not open His mouth. He was led as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before its shearers is silent, but He did not open His mouth. 8 He was taken from prison and from judgment. And as for His generation, who considered that He shall be cut off from the land of the living? For the transgression of My people He was stricken. 9 And He was appointed a grave with the wrong, and with the rich at His death, because He had done no violence, nor was deceit in His mouth. 10 But Yehovah was pleased to crush Him, He laid sickness on Him, that when He made Himself an offering for guilt, He would see a seed, He would prolong His days and the pleasure of Yehovah prosper in His hand. 11 He would see the result of the suffering of His life and be satisfied. Through His knowledge My righteous Servant makes many righteous, and He bears their crookednesses.12 Therefore I give Him a portion among the great, and He divides the spoil with the strong, because He poured out His being unto death, and He was counted with the transgressors, and He bore the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
Once you have broken the unleavened bread share it with everyone and let them think about this the body of Yehshua.
Now we turn to the wine:
Mat 26:27 And taking the cup, and giving thanks, He gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you.
Mat 26:28 “For this is My blood, that of the renewed covenant, which is shed for many for the forgiveness of sins.
Mat 26:29 “But I say to you, I shall certainly not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on till that day when I drink it anew with you in the reign of My Father.”
Luke 22:14 And when the hour had come, He sat down, and the twelve emissaries with Him. 15 And He said to them, “With desire I have desired to eat this Passover with you before My suffering, 16 for I say to you, I shall certainly not eat of it again until it is filled in the reign of Elohim.” 17 And taking the cup, giving thanks, He said, “Take this and divide it among yourselves, 18 for I say to you, I shall certainly not drink of the fruit of the vine until the reign of Elohim comes.”
Luke 22:20 Likewise the cup also, after supper, saying, “This cup is the renewed covenant in My blood which is shed for you.
Drink your wine. Remembering this is His blood spilled out for you. The spilling of blood is a REQUIRED part of establishing or renewing a covenant. The animal is killed OVER the threshold / door of the house. There is a trough at this threshold to collect the spilled blood. Without the sacrifice of a clean, unblemished animal and its spilling of blood, you can’t have a covenant established. The establishment of a covenant requires the sacrifice of an animal, the blood poured out on the threshold, the sprinkling of blood, the meat roasted and a meal with wine ate. (I think wine is required.) You can review Adam and Eve’s sin and the Exodus and other covenants in Scripture.
NOTICE….the Sinai Covenant is RENEWED and it is writing the Torah on our hearts and not just on stone. It is NOT a NEW covenant of “Love” as Christians have been deceived into believing.
Now notice what Yehshua said after the meal; Luke 22:20 Likewise the cup also, after supper, saying, “This cup is the renewed covenant in My blood which is shed for you.
Is this not the 5th cup that Judah had a problem figuring out? “This cup is the renewed covenant in My blood which is shed for you.
Hebrews 9:13 For if the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of a heifer, sprinkling the defiled, sets apart for the cleansing of the flesh, 14 how much more shall the blood of the Messiah, who through the everlasting Spirit offered Himself unblemished to Elohim, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living Elohim?
Hebrews 10:16 “This is the covenant that I shall make with them after those days, says Yehovah, giving My laws into their hearts, and in their minds I shall write them,”
Hebrews 10:19 So, brothers, having boldness to enter into the Set-apart Place by the blood of Yehshua, 20 by a new and living way which He instituted for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh, 21 and having a High Priest over the House of Elohim, 22 let us draw near with a true heart in completeness of belief, having our hearts sprinkled from a wicked conscience and our bodies washed with clean water.
The wine of the New Testament Passover represents Yehshua’s shed blood. His sacrifice made the forgiveness of our sins and the removal of our guilt possible. This opened the way for the New Covenant that Yehovah makes with believers, writing His laws on our hearts. We make this covenant when we are baptized and renew it each year at the Passover. This is why Passover and Atonement are tied together.
Though the High Priest was the only one allowed to go into the holiest place in the temple, the “Holiest of All” or the “Most Holy Place,” and only once a year, the blood of Yehshua opened the way for us to pray directly to our Father in the true holiest place in heaven at any time.
At this time you should all drink a small amount of wine. (We can discuss a lot more about the linkage of Passover to Yom Kippur/Atonement at a later time.)
Now let’s look forward into events that take place after this meal and the understanding Yeshua gives them. These events take place yet this night, during the night, and into the next day, which is Passover day, the 14th. If it is too late for you, you can review these the next morning.
Jesus Foretells Peter’s Denial
Mat 26:30 And having sung a song, they went out to the Mount of Olives.
Mat 26:31 Then יהושע said to them, “All of you shall stumble in Me this night, for it has been written, ‘I shall strike the Shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered.’
Mat 26:32 “But after I have been raised, I shall go before you into Galil.”
Mat 26:33 And Kepha answering, said to Him, “Even if all stumble in You, I shall never stumble.”
Mat 26:34 יהושע said to him, “Truly, I say to you that this night, before the cock crows, you shall deny Me three times.”
Mat 26:35 Kepha said to Him, “Even if I have to die with You, I shall not deny You!” All the taught ones said the same too.
Jesus Prays in Gethsemane
Mat 26:36 Then יהושע came with them to a place called Gethsemane, and said to the taught ones, “Sit here while I go over there and pray.”
Mat 26:37 And He took with Him Kepha and the two sons of Zaḇdai, and He began to be grieved and deeply distressed.
Mat 26:38 Then He said to them, “My being is exceedingly grieved, even to death. Stay here and watch with Me.”
Mat 26:39 And going forward a little, He fell on His face, and prayed, saying, “O My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me. Yet not as I desire, but as You desire.”
Mat 26:40 And He came to the taught ones and found them asleep, and said to Kepha, “So, were you not able to watch with Me one hour?
Mat 26:41 “Watch and pray, lest you enter into trial. The spirit indeed is eager, but the flesh is weak.”
Mat 26:42 Again He went away, a second time, and prayed, saying, “O My Father, if it is impossible for this to pass unless I drink it, let Your desire be done.”
Mat 26:43 And He came and found them asleep again, for their eyes were heavy.
Mat 26:44 And He left them, went away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words.
Mat 26:45 Then He came to His taught ones and said to them, “Still sleeping and taking rest? See, the hour has come near, and the Son of Aḏam is delivered up into the hands of sinners.
Mat 26:46 “Rise, let us go. See, he who delivers Me up has come near.”
Betrayal and Arrest of Jesus
Mat 26:47 And while He was still speaking, see, Yehuḏah, one of the twelve, with a large crowd with swords and clubs, came from the chief priests and elders of the people.
Mat 26:48 And he who was delivering Him up gave them a sign, saying, “Whomever I kiss, it is He, seize Him.”
Mat 26:49 And going straight up to יהושע he said, “Greetings, Rabbi!” and kissed Him.
Mat 26:50 And יהושע said to him, “Friend, why have you come?” Then they came and laid hands on יהושע and seized Him.
Mat 26:51 And look, one of those with יהושע put out his hand and drew his sword, and striking the servant of the high priest he cut off his ear.
Mat 26:52 Then יהושע said to him, “Return your sword to its place, for all who take the sword shall die by the sword.
Mat 26:53 “Or do you think that I am not able to pray to My Father now, and He shall provide Me with more than twelve legions of messengers?
Mat 26:54 “How then would the Scriptures be filled that it has to be this way?”
Mat 26:55 In that hour יהושע said to the crowds, “Have you come out, as against a robber, with swords and clubs to arrest Me? Daily I sat with you, teaching in the Set-apart Place, and you did not seize Me.
Mat 26:56 “But all this came to be, so that the Scriptures of the prophets might be filled.” Then all the taught ones left Him and fled.
Jesus Before Caiaphas and the Council
Mat 26:57 And those who had seized יהושע led Him away to Qayapha the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were gathered together.
Mat 26:58 But Kepha followed Him at a distance to the courtyard of the high priest, and he went in and sat with the servants to see the end.
Mat 26:59 And the chief priests, and the elders, and all the council were seeking false witness against יהושע to put Him to death,
Mat 26:60 but found none. Although many false witnesses came forward, they found none. But at last two false witnesses came forward,
Mat 26:61 and said, “This one said, ‘I am able to destroy the Dwelling Place of Elohim and to build it in three days.’ ”
Mat 26:62 And the high priest stood up and said to Him, “Have You no answer to make? What do these witness against You?”
Mat 26:63 But יהושע remained silent. So the high priest said to Him, “I put You to oath, by the living Elohim that You say to us if You are the Messiah, the Son of Elohim.”
Mat 26:64 יהושע said to him, “You have said it. Besides I say to you, from now on you shall see the Son of Aḏam sitting at the right hand of the Power, Psa_110:1 and coming on the clouds of the heaven.” Dan_7:13.
Mat 26:65 Then the high priest tore his garments, saying, “He has blasphemed! Why do we need any more witnesses? See, now you have heard His blasphemy!
Mat 26:66 “What do you think?” And they answering, said, “He is liable to death.”
Mat 26:67 Then they spat in His face and beat Him, and others slapped Him,
Mat 26:68 saying, “Prophesy to us, Messiah! Who is the one who struck You?”
Peter Denies Jesus
Mat 26:69 And Kepha sat outside in the courtyard, and a servant girl came to him, saying, “And you were with יהושע of Galil.”
Mat 26:70 But he denied it before them all, saying, “I do not know what you say.”
Mat 26:71 And as he was going out into the porch, another girl saw him and said to those there, “And this one was with יהושע of Natsareth.”
Mat 26:72 But again he denied with an oath, “I do not know the Man!”
Mat 26:73 And after a while those who stood by came to him and said to Kepha, “Truly you are one of them too, for even your speech gives you away.”
Mat 26:74 Then he began to curse and to swear, saying, “I do not know the Man!” And immediately a cock crowed.
Mat 26:75 And Kepha remembered the word of יהושע who had said to him, “Before a cock crows, you shall deny Me three times.” And going out, he wept bitterly.
Think about how Kepha (Simon Peter) feels. He knew Yeshua was the Son of the Living Elohim, their Messiah.
Mat 16:15 He said to them, “And you, who do you say I am?”
Mat 16:16 And Shim‛on Kepha answering, said, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living Elohim.”
Then Yeshua is taken up to be crucified and He does not defend Himself. Peter is starting to be torn in two himself. Maybe he is thinking something like this… ”Yeshua is Messiah, but Messiah can’t possibly be put to death. This can’t be. Have I been deceived? What’s happening? I don’t understand!” In his turmoil and distraught mind, he denies Yeshua and just wants to run away and hide while he figures out what is happening. But THEN the Cock crows. Or more accurately, the town crier calls out that the 9 am call to prayer will soon be upon them. Time for the sacrifices for Passover to soon start. THEN, Peter remembers THIS was foretold by Yeshua! This HAS TO BE MESSIAH! And he falls into deep, wretched repentance.
Let’s review now what we have read.
After supper Yehshua and His apostles went over to the Mount of Olives also known as the Mount of Offence where He prayed that this cup He was about to bear might pass from Him.
He was arrested this night and brought before the Sanhedrin and found guilty of blasphemy.
They then brought Him to Pilot which is where the Dome of the Rock now is, who then sent Him to Herod which is up near where the Jaffa Gate now is, who then sent Yehshua back to Pilot at what is now the Dome of the Rock, the Pavement. This all took place through the night and it is now morning of the 14th day of the 1st month.
Pilot gave in to the demands of the crowd and ordered Yehshua crucified. They then led Him and two other criminals back to the Mount of Offence, Calvary, Golgotha, the Skull or the place where the head count was done, where He was nailed to the wood that went across between His hands and then hoisted Him up and nailed Him to the Almond tree having already cursed the Fig tree so that He would not be nailed to it.
Golgotha is located outside the camp on the Mt. of Olives, across the Kidron Valley from the City of David, where the Temple was located. Many argue the Temple is on the Temple Mount, but many of us totally disagree that it is at the City of David. Was he nailed to an Almond tree or an Olive tree? We don’t know for sure.
From Noon (the 6th hour) on the 14th of Nisan to about 3 pm, (the 9th hour) it was dark. At the ninth hour Yehshua said it was finished just as the High Priest does when he has finished sacrificing the lambs that were to be slaughtered this day. And just as the sheep were slaughtered so was Yehshua as our Passover sacrifice at the exact same time 3 in the afternoon.
Once the lamb is sacrificed then the blood of the lamb is smeared on the doorpost and lintel. This is now the time to eat the Passover lamb as the sunsets and as the 15th day of Nisan begins. This is the night when the death Angel passed over those who had placed the blood on the doors. But those who had not the blood lost the first born at midnight. We do not kill a lamb anymore, therefore we do not smear blood on our door posts.
In the morning after all the first born of Egypt had been killed, it is then when Israel up and left.
This is the first day of Unleavened Bread, the 15th of Nisan the first Holy Day of this New Year.
Let’s close with this:
John 13:18 “I do not speak concerning all of you. I know whom I have chosen, but that the Scripture might be filled, ‘He who eats bread with Me has lifted up his heel against Me.’ 19 “Now I say to you, before it takes place, that when it does take place, you shall believe that I am. 20 “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who receives whomever I send, receives Me. And he who receives Me, receives Him who sent Me.” 21 When Yehshua had said this He was troubled in spirit, and witnessed and said, “Truly, truly, I say to you, one of you shall deliver Me up.” 22 The taught ones looked at one another, doubting of whom He spoke. 23 And one of His taught ones, whom Yehshua loved, was reclining on the bosom of Yehshua. 24 Shimon Kepha then motioned to him to ask who it was of whom He spoke. 25 And leaning back on the breast of Yehshua he said to Him, “Master, who is it?” 26 Yehshua answered, “It is he to whom I shall give a piece of bread when I have dipped it.” And having dipped the bread, He gave it to Yehudah from Qerioth, son of Shimon. 27 And after the piece of bread, Satan entered into him. Yehshua, therefore, said to him, “What you do, do quickly.” 28 But no one at the table knew why He said this to him, 29 for some were supposing, because Yehudah had the bag, that Yehshua was saying to him, “Buy what we need for the festival,” or that he should give somewhat to the poor. 30 So, having received the piece of bread, he then went out straightaway, and it was night.
At this point you can finish up the evening of the Last Supper by reviewing other passages in Scripture. You can also watch “The Ten Commandments” or “The Passion of the Christ” or any way to honor this night and review upcoming events.
Go to bed. Then get up. It is now….
THE 14th DAY – PASSOVER!
Recall the events of the crucifixion AND stoning as it takes place between 9 am and 3 pm. Remember, he is hung on the cross at 9 am, the same time the first Lamb is killed. He dies at 3 pm, the same time the Priest kills the last Lamb and calls out IT IS FINISHED. Yehovah is in full control that even the death of Messiah, the chosen Son, will occur as Yeshua cries out IT IS FINISHED and dies. He fulfilled the Passover in every way.
At Noon or whenever, begin preparing your meal. Ensure your work is finished, you’ve bathed, and your meal is ready to eat at sunset, the beginning of the 15th day, which is also Day 1 of Unleavened Bread. THIS DAY is called Passover. It is the day the Priests are sacrificing the lambs between 9 am and 3 pm. The same time frame Yeshua is hung on the tree and dies. He is The Lamb of Elohim that takes away our sins. The final Lamb. Sunset THIS day….begins the 15th day and the Sabbath of Unleavened Bread.
EREV 15 (sunset at end of 14th day) DAY 1 of Unleavened Bread
Set your meal on the table. The wine, the bread, the Lamb or other meat if Lamb is unavailable to you.
Begin with eating some bread. Break/pull it apart. See His body having been crucified and stoned.
Drink some wine. See His blood being poured out as our sacrificial lamb to take our sin upon Him.
Eat your meat. Cut it in pieces. This too is His body.
After completing your meal. Continue reading.
John 13:31 When, therefore, he went out, Yehshua said, “Now the Son of Adam has been esteemed, and Elohim has been esteemed in Him.32 “If Elohim has been esteemed in Him, Elohim shall also esteem Him in Himself, and straightaway esteem Him. 33 “Little children, yet a little while I am with you. You shall seek Me, and as I said to the Yehudim, ‘Where I am going, you are unable to come,’ I now also say to you. 34 “A renewed command I give to you, that you love one another, as I have loved you, that you also love one another. 35 “By this shall all know that you are My taught ones, if you have love for one another.” 36 Shimon Kepha said to Him, “Master, where are You going?” Yehshua answered him, “Where I am going you are unable to follow Me now, but afterwards you shall follow Me.” 37 Kepha said to Him, “Master, why am I unable to follow You now? I shall lay down my life for You.” 38 Yehshua answered him, “Shall you lay down your life for Me? Truly, truly, I say to you, the cock shall not crow at all until you have denied Me three times.
John 16:1 “These words I have spoken to you, so that you do not stumble. 2 “They shall put you out of the congregations, but an hour is coming when everyone who kills you shall think he is rendering service to Elohim. 3 “And this they shall do to you because they did not know the Father, nor Me. 4 “But I have said these words to you, so that when the hour comes you remember that I told them to you. And these words I did not say to you at the beginning, for I was with you. 5 “But now I go away to Him who sent Me, and not one of you asks Me, ‘Where are You going?’ 6 “But because I have said these words to you, grief has filled your heart. 7 “But I say the truth to you. It is better for you that I go away, for if I do not go away, the Helper shall not come to you at all, but if I go, I shall send Him to you. 8 “And having come, He shall reprove the world concerning sin, and concerning righteousness, and concerning judgment 9 concerning sin because they do not believe in Me, 10 concerning righteousness because I go to My Father and you see Me no more, 11 concerning judgment because the ruler of this world is judged. 12 “I still have many words to say to you, but you are not able to bear them now. 13 “But when He comes, the Spirit of the Truth, He shall guide you into all the truth. For He shall not speak from Himself, but whatever He hears He shall speak, and He shall announce to you what is to come. 14 “He shall esteem Me, for He shall take of what is Mine and announce it to you. 15 “All that the Father has is Mine. That is why I said that He takes from what is Mine and announces it to you. 16 “A little while, and you do not see Me, and again a little while, and you shall see Me.”17 Therefore some of His taught ones said to one another, “What is this that He says to us, ‘A little while, and you do not see Me, and again a little while, and you shall see Me,’ and, ‘because I am going to the Father’?”
18 So they said, “What is this that He says, ‘A little while’? We do not know what He is saying.” 19 Yehshua, therefore, knew that they were wishing to ask Him, and He said to them, “Are you asking one another about what I said, ‘A little while, and you do not see Me, and again a little while, and you shall see Me’? 20 “Truly, truly, I say to you that you shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice. And you shall be grieved, but your grief shall become joy. 21 “The woman has grief when she is in labour, because her hour has come, but as soon as she has given birth to the child, she no longer remembers the affliction, for joy that a man was born into the world. 22 “And you, therefore, have grief now, but I shall see you again and your heart shall rejoice, and no one takes your joy away from you. 23 “And in that day you shall ask Me none at all. Truly, truly, I say to you, whatever you ask the Father in My Name He shall give you. 24 “Until now you have asked naught in My Name. Ask, and you shall receive, in order that your joy might be complete. 25 “These words I have spoken to you in figures of speech, but an hour is coming when I shall no longer speak to you in figures of speech, but I shall declare the Father plainly to you. 26 “In that day you shall ask in My Name, and I do not say to you that I shall pray the Father on your behalf, 27 for the Father Himself does love you, because you have loved Me, and have believed that I came forth from Elohim. 28 “I came forth from the Father and have come into the world. Again, I leave the world and go to the Father.” 29 His taught ones said to Him, “See, now You are speaking plainly, and not using figure of speech! 30 “Now we know that You know all and have no need that anyone should question You. By this we believe that You came forth from Elohim.” 31 Yehshua answered them, “Do you now believe? 32 “See, an hour is coming, and has now come, that you are scattered, each to his own, and leave Me alone. Yet I am not alone, because the Father is with Me.33 “These words I have spoken to you, that in Me you might have peace. In the world you have pressure, but take courage, I have overcome the world.
John 17:1 Yehshua said these words, and lifted up His eyes to the heaven, and said, “Father, the hour has come. Esteem Your Son, so that Your Son also might esteem You, 2 as You have given Him authority over all flesh, that He should give everlasting life to all whom You have given Him.
3 “And this is everlasting life, that they should know You, the only true Elohim, and Yehshua Messiah whom You have sent. 4 “I have esteemed You on the earth, having accomplished the work You have given Me that I should do. 5 “And now, esteem Me with Yourself, Father, with the esteem which I had with You before the world was.6 “I have revealed Your Name to the men whom You gave Me out of the world. They were Yours, and You gave them to Me, and they have guarded Your Word. 7 “Now they have come to know that all You gave to Me, is from You. 8 “Because the Words which You gave to Me, I have given to them. And they have received them and have truly known that I came forth from You, and they believed that You sent Me. 9 “I pray for them. I do not pray for the world but for those whom You have given Me, for they are Yours. 10 “And all Mine are Yours, and Yours are Mine, and I have been esteemed in them. 11 “And I am no more in the world, but these are in the world, and I come to You. Set-apart Father, guard them in Your Name which You have given Me, so that they might be one, as We are. 12 “When I was with them in the world, I was guarding them in Your Name which You have given Me, and I watched over them, and not one of them perished except the son of destruction, that the Scripture might be filled. 13 “And now I come to You. And I speak these words in the world, so that they have My joy completed in them. 14 “I have given them Your Word, and the world hated them because they are not of the world, as I am not of the world. 15 “I do not pray that You should take them out of the world, but that You keep them from the wicked one. 16 “They are not of the world, as I am not of the world.
17 “Set them apart in Your truth – Your Word is truth. 18 “As You sent Me into the world, I also sent them into the world. 19 “And for them I set Myself apart, so that they too might be set apart in truth. 20 “And I do not pray for these alone, but also for those believing in Me through their word, 21 so that they all might be one, as You, Father, are in Me, and I in You, so that they too might be one in Us, so that the world might believe that You have sent Me. 22 “And the esteem which You gave Me I have given them, so that they might be one as We are one, 23 “I in them, and You in Me, so that they might be perfected into one, so that the world knows that You have sent Me, and have loved them as You have loved Me. 24 “Father, I desire that those whom You have given Me, might be with Me where I am, so that they see My esteem which You have given Me, because You loved Me before the foundation of the world. 25 “O righteous Father, indeed the world did not know You, but I knew You, and these knew that You sent Me.26 “And I have made Your Name known to them, and shall make it known, so that the love with which You loved Me might be in them, and I in them.”
John 18:1 Having said these words, Yehshua went out with His taught ones beyond the Qidron torrent, where there was a garden, into which He and His taught ones entered. 2 And Yehudah, who delivered Him up, also knew the place, because Yehshua often met there with His taught ones. 3 Yehudah, then, having received the company of soldiers, and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, came there with lanterns, and torches, and weapons. 4 Yehshua, then, knowing all that would come upon Him, went forward and said to them, “Whom do you seek?” 5 They answered Him, “Yehshua of Natsareth.” Yehshua said to them, “I am.” And Yehudah, who delivered Him up, was also standing with them. 6 When, therefore, He said to them, “I am,” they drew back and fell to the ground. 7 Once more He asked them, “Whom do you seek?” And they said, “Yehshua of Natsareth.” 8 Yehshua answered, “I said to you that I am. If, then, you seek Me, allow these to go,” 9 in order that the word might be filled which He spoke, “Of those whom You have given Me, I have lost none.” 10 Then Shimon Kepha, having a sword, drew it and struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. And the servant’s name was Melek. 11 Then Yehshua said to Kepha, “Put your sword into the sheath. Shall I not drink the cup which My Father has given Me?” 12 Then the company of soldiers and the commander and the officers of the Yehudim seized Yehshua and bound Him, 13 and they led Him away to Hanan first, for he was the father-in-law of Qayapha who was high priest that year.
Now, let’s go back and review the original exodus. It took place after this Passover meal. The same scenario will repeat in the future exodus with us.
Exo 12:1 And יהוה spoke to Mosheh and to Aharon in the land of Mitsrayim, saying,
Exo 12:2 “This new moon is the beginning of new moons for you, it is the first new moon of the year for you.
Exo 12:3 “Speak to all the congregation of Yisra’el, saying, ‘On the tenth day of this new moon each one of them is to take for himself a lamb, according to the house of his father, a lamb for a household.
Exo 12:4 ‘And if the household is too small for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next to his house take it according to the number of the beings, according to each man’s need you make your count for the lamb.
Exo 12:5 ‘Let the lamb be a perfect one, a year old male. Take it from the sheep or from the goats.
Exo 12:6 ‘And you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same new moon. Then all the assembly of the congregation of Yisra’el shall slay it between the evenings.
Exo 12:7 ‘And they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses where they eat it.
Exo 12:8 ‘And they shall eat the flesh on that night, roasted in fire – with unleavened bread and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.
Exo 12:9 ‘Do not eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted in fire, its head with its legs and its inward parts.
Exo 12:10 ‘And do not leave of it until morning, and what remains of it until morning you are to burn with fire.
Exo 12:11 ‘And this is how you eat it: your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And you shall eat it in haste. It is the Pesaḥa of יהוה.
Exo 12:12 ‘And I shall pass through the land of Mitsrayim on that night, and shall strike all the first-born in the land of Mitsrayim, both man and beast. And on all the mighty ones of Mitsrayim I shall execute judgment. I am יהוה.
Exo 12:13 ‘And the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I shall pass over you, and let the plague not come on you to destroy you when I strike the land of Mitsrayim.
Exo 12:14 ‘And this day shall become to you a remembrance. And you shall celebrate it as a festival to יהוה throughout your generations – celebrate it as a festival, an everlasting law.
Exo 12:15 ‘Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. Indeed on the first day you cause leaven to cease from your houses. For whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that being shall be cut off from Yisra’el.
Exo 12:16 ‘And on the first day is a set-apart gathering, and on the seventh day you have a set-apart gathering. No work at all is done on them, only that which is eaten by every being, that alone is prepared by you.
Exo 12:17 ‘And you shall guard the Festival of Matzot,b for on this same day I brought your divisions out of the land of Mitsrayim. And you shall guard this day throughout your generations, an everlasting law. Footnote: bUnleavened Bread.
Exo 12:18 ‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the new moon, in the evening, you shall eat unleavened bread until the twenty-first day of the new moon in the evening.
Exo 12:19 ‘For seven days no leaven is to be found in your houses, for if anyone eats what is leavened, that same being shall be cut off from the congregation of Yisra’el, whether sojourner or native of the land.
Exo 12:20 ‘Do not eat that which is leavened – in all your dwellings you are to eat unleavened bread.’ ”
Exo 12:21 And Mosheh called for all the elders of Yisra’el and said to them, “Go out and take lambs for yourselves according to your clans, and slay the Pěsaḥ.
Exo 12:22 “And you shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two doorposts with the blood that is in the basin, and you, none of you shall go out of the door of his house until morning.
Exo 12:23 “And יהוה shall pass on to smite the Mitsrites, and shall see the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, and יהוה shall pass over the door and not allow the destroyer to come into your houses to smite you.
Exo 12:24 “And you shall guard this word as a law for you and your sons, forever.
Exo 12:25 “And it shall be, when you come to the land which יהוה gives you, as He promised, that you shall guard this service.
Exo 12:26 “And it shall be, when your children say to you, ‘What does this service mean to you?’
Exo 12:27 then you shall say, ‘It is the Pěsaḥ slaughtering of יהוה, who passed over the houses of the children of Yisra’el in Mitsrayim when He smote the Mitsrites and delivered our households.’ ” And the people bowed their heads and did obeisance.
Exo 12:28 And the children of Yisra’el went away and did so – as יהוה had commanded Mosheh and Aharon, so they did.
The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn
Exo 12:29 And it came to be at midnight that יהוה struck all the first-born in the land of Mitsrayim, from the first-born of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the first-born of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the first-born of livestock.
Exo 12:30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants, and all the Mitsrites. And there was a great cry in Mitsrayim, for there was not a house where there was not a dead one.
Exo 12:31 Then he called for Mosheh and Aharon by night, and said, “Arise, go out from the midst of my people, both you and the children of Yisra’el. And go, serve יהוה as you have said.
Exo 12:32 “Take both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and go. Then you shall bless me too.”
The Exodus
Exo 12:33 And the Mitsrites were strong on the people, to hasten to send them away out of the land. For they said, “We are all dying!”
Exo 12:34 And the people took their dough before it was leavened, having their kneading bowls bound up in their garments on their shoulders.
Exo 12:35 And the children of Yisra’el had done according to the word of Mosheh, and they had asked from the Mitsrites objects of silver, and objects of gold, and garments.
Exo 12:36 And יהוה gave the people favour in the eyes of the Mitsrites, so that they gave them what they asked, and they plundered the Mitsrites.
Exo 12:37 And the children of Yisra’el set out from Ra‛meses to Sukkoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides the little ones.
Exo 12:38 And a mixed multitude went up with them too, also flocks and herds, very much livestock.
Exo 12:39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they had brought out of Mitsrayim, for it was not leavened, since they were driven out of Mitsrayim, and had not been able to delay, nor had they prepared food for themselves.
Exo 12:40 And the sojourn of the children of Yisra’el who lived in Mitsrayim was four hundred and thirty years.
Exo 12:41 And it came to be at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, on that same day it came to be that all the divisions of יהוה went out from the land of Mitsrayim.
Exo 12:42 It is a night of watches unto יהוה for bringing them out of the land of Mitsrayim. This is that night of watches unto יהוה, for all the children of Yisra’el throughout their generations.
Institution of the Passover
Exo 12:43 And יהוה said to Mosheh and Aharon, “This is the law of the Pesacḥ: No son of a stranger is to eat of it,
Exo 12:44 but any servant a man has bought for silver, when you have circumcised him, then let him eat of it.
Exo 12:45 “A sojourner and a hired servant does not eat of it.
Exo 12:46 “It is eaten in one house, you are not to take any of the flesh outside the house, nor are you to break any bone of it.
Exo 12:47 “All the congregation of Yisra’el are to perform it.
Exo 12:48 “And when a stranger sojourns with you and shall perform the Pesaḥ to יהוה, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and perform it, and he shall be as a native of the land. But let no uncircumcised eat of it.
Exo 12:49 “There is one Torah for the native-born and for the stranger who sojourns among you.”
Exo 12:50 And all the children of Yisra’el did as יהוה commanded Mosheh and Aharon, so they did.
Exo 12:51 And it came to be on that same day that יהוה brought the children of Yisra’el out of the land of Mitsrayim according to their divisions.
We are to put the blood on the door post. Note what you are told in Joh 10:7 Yehshua therefore said to them again, “Truly, truly, I say to you, I am the door of the sheep.
Also note that the name Silwan which is the name of the town on the Mount of Offence means ‘Post’ in Arabic. It was at the top of this town where Yehshua was killed.
Exo 12:12 ‘And I shall pass through the land of Mitsrayim on that night and shall smite all the first-born in the land of Mitsrayim, both man and beast. And on all the mighty ones of Mitsrayim I shall execute judgment. I am Yehovah. 13 ‘And the blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I shall pass over you, and let the plague not come on you to destroy you when I smite the land of Mitsrayim. 14 ‘And this day shall become to you a remembrance. And you shall observe it as a festival to Yehovah throughout your generations – observe it as a festival, an everlasting law.
We are to remember forever this night when Israel left Egypt and how it came about and we are also to remember all the symbols which point us to Yehshua.
1 Corinthians 5:7 Therefore cleanse out the old leaven, so that you are a new lump, as you are unleavened. For also Messiah our Passover was offered for us.
John 1:29 On the next day Yohanan saw Yehshua coming toward him, and said, “See, the Lamb of Elohim who takes away the sin of the world”.
1 Peter 1:18 knowing that you were redeemed from your futile way of life inherited from your fathers, not with what is corruptible, silver or gold, 19 but with the precious blood of Messiah, as of a lamb unblemished and spotless,
Yehshua fulfilled the symbolism of the Passover lamb. Indeed, all the sacrificial sin offerings represented and were fulfilled by Yehshua (Heb 9:11 But Messiah, having become a High Priest of the coming good matters, through the greater and more perfect Tent not made with hands, that is, not of this creation, 12 entered into the Most Set-apart Place once for all, not with the blood of goats and calves, but with His own blood, having obtained everlasting redemption.).
Beyth Shalom Torah Ministry 